Roots Before the Hymns: India in the Age Before the Veda

Dholavira and the Fading of the Cities

At Dholavira, around 1900–1500 BCE, people stood among drying reservoirs and crumbling stone halls as the great urban system waned. Climate shifts tightened the land; trade routes thinned. The Indus Civilization dimmed, but its silent architecture endured like a final, sunlit breath before the Vedic world began.